After constructing the sump, the next step is to start the excavation for the foundation. Before starting the foundation of your house, you must have decided the construction system that you want to adopt.
There are two methods of constructing houses, the load-bearing-wall system and the column-beam-frame structure system. Both these systems have been explained here with advantages and disadvantages:
There are two methods of constructing houses, the load-bearing-wall system and the column-beam-frame structure system. Both these systems have been explained here with advantages and disadvantages:
Load bearing wall structure: is one of the earliest forms of construction. Raising the house, wall over wall and floor over floor,
has been the most common method all over the world. In this system, the load is supported and transferred to the foundation through the masonry walls and there are no concrete structural elements, like columns or beams to support the load. Therefore, the walls must be strong enough for the purpose and are usually 9 inches or more in thickness.
Frame structure:
also known as column-beam structure has a combination of beams and columns to support and transfer the load. The
roof load rests on the beams, the beams transfer the load to the columns,
which in turn transfer the load to the foundation. In this system, the masonry walls are not subjected to any load and so, the interior layout is
flexible and can be changed any time. The walls can be thinner too, thus increasing the carpet area. Frame structures are preferable to load bearing wall structure in the construction of large and multi-storey buildings.
Both the systems have their respective
advantages and drawbacks, hence require a judicious approach in deciding which system to go for. A simple criterion in making a decision is to consider the location of the site. A frame structure is inevitable
where the soil is very loose, ground is water logged, land is earthquake
prone, masonry materials are difficult to get and light weight construction is
desired.
But nowadays, irrespective of the site context we see most constructions including houses being done with columns and beams. Even though the construction costs have gone up, people want frame structures because they think, they are safer and stronger. But this is not entirely true. Some of the myths on this matter have been busted here.
Earthquake resistant: Most people think that having many columns is a surefire bet against earthquakes. For structural stability against earthquakes, column-beams are not enough, other elements such as corner stiffeners, diagonal bracing and horizontal ties must be incorporated after designing the structure. If such issues are not adequately addressed, a framed building is bound to crack or collapse as much as a walled building would in the event of a strong earthquake.
Cost reduction due to
thinner walls: The additional costs of the
concrete components nullify the masonry savings. Moreover thin walls allow sound and water seepage and hence need to be adequately water-proofed which adds to the cost. Additionally,
walls and beams in framed buildings require perfect alignment and proper junction between the different materials, which means skilled work and hence more cost.
Speed of Construction: The speed of
construction is a factor in multi-storey buildings but is inconsequential for
houses, where time saved by erecting columns is negligible, considering the time consumed in finishing the entire house.
Can add more floors: Most houses do not exceed 3 floors and will not get permisssion for more floors. A three storey building can be built using load-bearing walls. But people erraneously believe or are made to believe by professionals and market forces that a column-beam structure is necessary for stability in buildings with more than one floor.
The truth of the matter is that RCC frames cost money and consume resources, energy and are not eco-friendly in comparison to masonry walls. So you must take a decision based on the 'ground-reality' before the start of the construction.
Once you have decided the type of construction method that you want to adopt, then the next step is to build the foundation. The details are explained here:
Once you have decided the type of construction method that you want to adopt, then the next step is to build the foundation. The details are explained here:
To know more about the different stages involved in the construction of a house, go to:
